What school-subject studies the human body? Have you taken this subject already? What have you learnt?
Why is it very important to know the structure of the human body and how it functions not only for those who are going to work in medicine but for each of us?
The human body is a fascinating and complex living thing. Throughout our life, the body performs a lot of tasks, often without our conscious control.Everv day our heart beats about 100,000 times, and we do not even have to think about it! After we have completed the act of chewing and swallowing food the rest of our digestive system swings into action to extract the nutrients, and again we do not have to concentrate on doing it.
The human body starts life as single cell- an egg, produced by a female, fertilized by a single sperm, produced by a male. From this simple beginning all the variety of tissues and organ systems that make up our body develop: skeleton; muscles: respiratory system- the windpipe, lungs and diaphragm; circulatory system- the heart, blood and blood vessels; digestive system- the stomach, intestines, pancreas and liver; nervous system- the brain, spinal cord and nerves; the senses- eyes, ears, tongue, nose and skin; and the reproductive system, that starts the whole process off again!
It is quite clear, that such a complex construction is bound to go wrong from time to time and very few of us can claim to be in perfect health. However, the healthier we are the better our body will be able to function. And there is always something we can do to improve matters. A good diet is a must- poor nutrition invariably leads to poor health. Raising our overall level of fitness by taking regular exercise will improve our ability to fight of any illness. At the same time it is also important to get sufficient rest since it is during these quiet periods that the body carries its running repairs. Too much alcohol will damage the liver, a vitally important organ that we cannot live without. And smoking, with the cocktail of carcinogens in cigarette smoke, is a bad idea at any time.
Such an amazing thing as human body deserves to be respected and looked after. If nothing else, it is the only one well have, it has to last us a lifetime and, and when it goes, we go too!
I. Skim through the text. Mark all the words unknown to you. Guess their meaning. Check the translation using a dictionary.
II. Write the correct word in the blanks:
III. Draw a line to connect the words that go together:
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IV. Translate from English into Russian. Use a dictionary if necessary:
V. Translate from Russian into English:
I. Say if the first sentence of the text gives it's main idea?
II. Which happens first? Write 1 on the line that happens first. Write 2 on the line that happens then.
1 | 2 | Our digestive system swings into action. |
1 | We chew and swallow food. | |
2 | An egg is produced by a male. | |
An egg is fertilized by a single sperm. | ||
3 | Systems that make up our body develop. | |
A single cell appear. |
SCANNING FOR DETAILS
I. Circle T if the sentence is true. Circle F if the sentence is false.
l. The human body is a primitive living thing. | T F |
2. Our body performs a great variety of tasks. | T F |
3. Оur heart beats about 100,000 times daily. | T F |
4. We concentrate to extract nutrients. | T F |
5. The human body starts as a couple of cells. | T F |
6. The variety of tissues and organ systems that make up our body develop from a single cell. | T F |
7. All the parts of the human body function separately. | T F |
8. From time to time the human body goes wrong. | T F |
9. The healthier we are the better our body will function | T F |
10. A good diet, regular exercise, sufficient rest are necessary to keep fit. | T F |
II. One word in each sentence is not correct. Find the word and cross it out. Write the correct word.
I. Answer the following questions. Add other facts known to you.
II. Discuss with your classmates what people must do to achieve and maintain good health; what must they avoid. Work in pairs or groups.